Led by Prof. Zhiqiang Zheng, our NuBot team was founded in 2004. Currently we have two full professors (Prof. Zhiqiang Zheng and Prof. Hui Zhang), one associate professor (Prof. Huimin Lu), one assistant professor (Dr. Junhao Xiao), and several graduate students. Till now, 8 team members have obtained their doctoral degree with the research on RoboCup Middle Size League (MSL), and more than 20 have obtained their master degrees. For more detail of each member please see NuBoters.
As shown in the figure below, five generations of robots have been created since 2004. We participated in RoboCup Simulation and Small Size League (SSL) initially. Since 2006, we have been participating in RoboCup MSL actively, e.g., we have been to Bremen, Germany (2006), Atlanta, USA (2007), Suzhou, China (2008), Graz, Austria (2009), Singapore (2010), Eindhoven, Netherlands (2013), Joao Pessoa, Brazil (2014), Hefei, China (2015), Leipzig Germany (2016), Nagoya Japan(2017), Montréal Canada(2018) and Sydney Australia(2019) . We have also been participating in RoboCup China Open since it was launched in 2006.
The NuBot robots have been employed not only for RoboCup, but also for other research as an ideal test bed more than robot soccer. As a result, we have published more than 70 journal papers and conference papers. For more detail please see the publication list. Our current research mainly focuses on multi-robot coordination, robust robot vision and formation control.
The following items are our team description papers (TDPs) which illustrates our research progress over the past years.
Crowd navigation has becoming an increasingly prominent problem in robotics. The main challenge comes from the lack of understanding of pedestrians’ behaviors. Encouraged by the great achievement in trajectory prediction, the twin field of crowd navigation, this work focus on integrating trajectory prediction with path planning and proposed a crowd navigation algorithm named RHC-T (Receding Horizon Control with Trajjectron++). It consists of two independent modules: one for trajectory prediction and another for receding horizon control. Benefiting from the trajectory prediction module, RHC-T builds up an explicit understanding of pedestrians’behaviors in the form of predicted trajectories. Base on the formulation of receding horizon control, the proposed algorithm can deal with the time-varying obstacle constraints from pedestrians, naturally. Furthermore, extensive experiments are performed on two pedestrian trajectory datasets, ETH and UCY, to evaluate the proposed algorithm in a more realistic way than previous works. Experimental results show that RHC-T reduces the intervention to pedestrians significantly and navigates the robot in time-efficient paths. Compared with three baseline algorithms, RHC-T achieves better performance with an improvement in the intervention rate and navigation time of at least 8.00% and 3.88%, respectively.
This video is the accompanying video of the paper: Jiayang Liu, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu, Zhiqian Zhou, Sichao Lin, Zhiqiang Zheng. Terrain Assessment Based on Dynamic Voxel Grids in Outdoor Unstructured Environments
Abstract: For ground robots working in outdoor unstructured environments, terrain assessment is a key step for path planning.In this paper, we propose a novel terrain assessment method. The raw 3D point clouds are segmented based on dynamic voxel grids, then the untraversable areas are extracted and stored in the form of 2D occupancy grid maps. Afterwards, only the traversable areas are processed and stored in the form of 2.5D digital elevation maps (DEMs). In this case, the efficiency of the terrain assessment is improved and the query space of terrain feature information is reduced. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, the approach operating on point clouds has served as the baseline. According to the experimental results, our method has a better performance in both assessment time and query efficiency.
The team description paper can be downloaded from here.
[1] Wei Dai, Huimin Lu, Junhao Xiao and Zhiqiang Zheng. Task Allocation without Communication Based on Incomplete Information Game Theory for Multi-robot Systems. Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, 2018. [PDF]
3rd place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
1st place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
2018
4th place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
3st place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
2nd place in MSL of RoboCup 2018 ChinaOpen, ShaoXing, China
2nd place in MSL technique challenge of RoboCup 2018 ChinaOpen,ShaoXing, China
3rd place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
3rd place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
3rd place in MSL of RoboCup 2017 ChinaOpen, RiZhao, China
1st place in MSL scientific challenge of RoboCup 2017 ChinaOpen, RiZhao, China
4. Qualification video
The qualification video for RoboCup 2021 (Virtual) can be found at our youku channel(recommended for users in China) or our YouTube channel (recommended for users out of China).
5. Mechanical and Electrical Description and Software Flow Chart
NuBot Team Mechanical and Electrical Description together with a Software Flow Chart can be downloaded from here.
Zhiqian Zhou, one member of NuBot team, served to MSL community as a member of OC RoboCup 2019 Syndey and TC RoboCup 2020 Bordeaux, France.
We built a dataset for robot detection which contained fully annotated images acquired from MSL competitions. The dataset is publicly available at: https://github.com/Abbyls/robocup-MSL-dataset
7. Declaration regarding mixed team
No!
8. Declaration regarding 802.11b AP
No!
9. MAC address
The list of our team's MAC addresses can be downloaded from here.
The team description paper can be downloaded from here.
[1] Wei Dai, Huimin Lu, Junhao Xiao and Zhiqiang Zheng. Task Allocation without Communication Based on Incomplete Information Game Theory for Multi-robot Systems. Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, 2018. [PDF]
3rd place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
1st place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
2018
4th place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
3st place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
2nd place in MSL of RoboCup 2018 ChinaOpen, ShaoXing, China
2nd place in MSL technique challenge of RoboCup 2018 ChinaOpen,ShaoXing, China
3rd place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
3rd place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
3rd place in MSL of RoboCup 2017 ChinaOpen, RiZhao, China
1st place in MSL scientific challenge of RoboCup 2017 ChinaOpen, RiZhao, China
4. Qualification video
The qualification video for RoboCup 2021 Bordeaux, France can be found at our youku channel(recommended for users in China) or our YouTube channel (recommended for users out of China).
5. Mechanical and Electrical Description and Software Flow Chart
NuBot Team Mechanical and Electrical Description together with a Software Flow Chart can be downloaded from here.
Zhiqian Zhou, one member of NuBot team, served to MSL community as a member of OC RoboCup 2019 Syndey and TC RoboCup 2020 Bordeaux, France.
We built a dataset for robot detection which contained fully annotated images acquired from MSL competitions. The dataset is publicly available at: https://github.com/Abbyls/robocup-MSL-dataset
7. Declaration regarding mixed team
No!
8. Declaration regarding 802.11b AP
No!
9. MAC address
The list of our team's MAC addresses can be downloaded from here.
The team description paper can be downloaded from here.
[1] Wei Dai, Huimin Lu, Junhao Xiao and Zhiqiang Zheng. Task Allocation without Communication Based on Incomplete Information Game Theory for Multi-robot Systems. Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, 2018. [PDF]
3rd place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
1st place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2019, Sydney, Australia
2018
4th place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
3st place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2018, Montréal, Canada
2nd place in MSL of RoboCup 2018 ChinaOpen, ShaoXing, China
2nd place in MSL technique challenge of RoboCup 2018 ChinaOpen,ShaoXing, China
3rd place in MSL scientific challenge in RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
3rd place in MSL technique challenge in RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
4th place in MSL of RoboCup 2017, Nagoya, Japan
3rd place in MSL of RoboCup 2017 ChinaOpen, RiZhao, China
1st place in MSL scientific challenge of RoboCup 2017 ChinaOpen, RiZhao, China
4. Qualification video
The qualification video for RoboCup 2020 Bordeaux, France can be found at our youku channel(recommended for users in China) or our YouTube channel (recommended for users out of China).
5. Mechanical and Electrical Description and Software Flow Chart
NuBot Team Mechanical and Electrical Description together with a Software Flow Chart can be downloaded from here.
Zhiqian Zhou, one member of NuBot team, served to MSL community as a member of OC RoboCup 2019 Syndey and TC RoboCup 2020 Bordeaux, France.
We built a dataset for robot detection which contained fully annotated images acquired from MSL competitions. The dataset is publicly available at: https://github.com/Abbyls/robocup-MSL-dataset
7. Declaration regarding mixed team
No!
8. Declaration regarding 802.11b AP
No!
9. MAC address
The list of our team's MAC addresses can be downloaded from here.
|
name |
Founder and director |
Prof. Dr. Zhiqiang Zheng |
Staff |
Prof. Dr. Hui Zhang Associate Prof. Dr. Huimin Lu Associate Prof. Dr. Junhao Xiao Dr. Zhiwen Zeng Dr. Ming Xu Dr. Qinghua Yu Dr. Kaihong Huang |
Graduate students |
Xiaoxiang Zheng Wei Dai Weijia Yao Xieyuanli Chen Bailiang Chen Bingxin Han (female) Xiao Li Zhiqian Zhou Shanshan Zhu (female) Chenghao Shi Zirui Guo Pengming Zhu Zhengyu Zhong Yang Zhao Chuang Cheng Wenbang Deng Che Guo Haoran Ren Daoxun Zhang Junqi Zhang Yao Li Zhiwen Zhang |
Alumni |
Dr. Lin Liu Dr. Fei Liu Dr. Xiucai Ji
Prof. Dr. Wenjie Shu
Dr. Dan Hai
Associate Prof. Dr. Xiangke Wang
Dr. Shaowu Yang
Dr. Lina Geng (female) Dr. Shuai Tang
Dr. Jie Liang Dr. Xiabin Dong Dr. Dan Xiong Mrs. Wei Liu
Mr. Yupeng Liu Mr. Dachuan Wang Mr. Baifeng Yu
Mr. Fangyi Sun
Mr. Lianhu Cui Mr. Shengcai Lu Mr. Peng Dong
Mr. Yubo Li Mr. Xiaozhou Zhu Mr. Qingzhu Cui
Mr. Xingrui Yang Mr. Kaihong Huang Mr. Shuai Cheng Mr. Xiaoxiang Zheng Mr. Yunlei Chen Mr. Xianglin Yang Mr. Yu Zhang Mrs. Yaoyao Lan Mr. Yuxi Huang Mr. Yi Liu
Mr. Yuhua Zhong Mr. Qiu Cheng
Mr. Junkai Ren Mr. Peng Chen Mrs. Minjun Xiong Mr. Pan Wang Mrs. Sha Luo Mr. Runze Wang Mr. Junchong Ma Mrs. Ruoyi Yan Mr. Yi Li Mr. Qihang Qiu Mr. Shaozun Hong |
Bo Sun, Yadan Zeng, Houde Dai, Junhao Xiao, Jianwei Zhang, (2017) "A novel scan registration method based on the feature-less global descriptor – spherical entropy image", Industrial Robot: An International Journal, Vol. 44 Issue: 4, pp.552-563.
Junhao Xiao, Dan Xiong, Weijia Yao, Qinghua Yu, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng, Building Software System and Simulation Environment for RoboCup MSL Soccer RobotsBased on ROS and Gazebo, Springer Book on Robot Operating System (ROS) –The Complete Reference (Volume 2), pp. 597-631, 2017.
Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu, Lilian Zhang, Jianhua Zhang. Pallet recognition and localization using an RGB-D camera. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, 2017.
Shaozun Hong, Meiping Wu, Junhao Xiao, Xiaohong Xu, Huimin Lu. Kylin: a transformable track-wheel hybrid robot. Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronic Systems, Xiamen, China, December 6-9, 2017.
Sha Luo, Weijia Yao, Qinghua Yu, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu and Zongtan Zhou. Object Detection Based on GPU Parallel Computing for RoboCup Middle Size League. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO 2017), Macau, 2017.
Minjun Xiong, Huimin Lu, Dan Xiong, Junhao Xiao, Ming Lv. Scale-Aware Monocular Visual-Inertial Pose Estimation for Aerial Robots. Chinese Automation Congress 2017, Jinan, 2017.
Sha Luo, Huimin Lu, Junhao Xiao, Qinghua Yu, Zhiqiang Zheng. Robot Detection and Localization Based on Deep Learning. Chinese Automation Congress 2017, Jinan, 2017.
Pan Wang, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang, Ruoyi Yan, Shaozun Hong. A Novel Human-Robot Interaction System Based on 3D Mapping and Virtual Reality. Chinese Automation Congress 2017, Jinan, 2017.
Xieyuanli Chen, Hui Zhang, Huimin Lu, Junhao Xiao, Qihang Qiu and Yi Li. Robust SLAM system based on monocular vision and LiDAR for robotic urban search and rescue. Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics 2017 (SSRR 2017), Shanghai, 2017.
Xieyuanli Chen, Huimin Lu, Junhao Xiao, Hui Zhang, PanWang. Robust relocalization based on active loop closure for real-time monocular SLAM. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Vision Systems (ICVS), 2017.
Weijia Yao, Zhiwen Zeng, Xiangke Wang, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. Distributed Encirclement Control with Arbitrary Spacing for Multiple Anonymous Mobile Robots. Proceedings of the 36th Chinese Control Conference, 2017.
Zhiwen Zeng, Xiangke Wang, Zhiqiang Zheng, et al. Edge Agreement of Second-order Multi-agent System with Dynamic Quantization via Directed Edge Laplacian. Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems, Vol. 23, pp. 1-10, 2017.
Yuhua Zhong, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang. Real-Time Terrain Classification for Rescue Robot Based on Extreme Learning Machine. In: Sun F., Liu H., Hu D. (eds) Cognitive Systems and Signal Processing. ICCSIP 2016. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 710, 2017. Springer, Singapore.
卢惠民,肖军浩,郑志强,ROS与中型组足球机器人,国防工业出版社,ISBN: 978-7-118-10952-8,31.7万字, 2016.10.
肖军浩,李鹏,耿丽娜,郑志强,实用机器人设计——竞赛机器人(译),机械工业出版社,ISBN:978-7-111-53601-7,20万字,2016.05.
肖军浩,机器人操作系统浅析(译),国防工业出版社,10万字,ISBN: 978-7-118-11056-2,18万字, 2016.09.
Lilian Zhang, Huimin Lu, Xiaoping Hu, Reinhard Koch. Vanishing Point Estimation and Line Classification in a Manhattan World with a Unifying Camera Model. International Journal of Computer Vision, Vol. 117, No. 2, pp. 111-130, 2016.
Dan Xiong, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu, Zhiwen Zeng, Qinghua Yu, Kaihong Huang, Xiaodong Yi, Zhiqiang Zheng.The design of an intelligent soccer-playing robot. Industrial Robot: An International Journal, Vol. 43, No.1, pp. 91-102, 2016. [PDF]
Wei Dai, Qinghua Yu, Junhao Xiao, and Zhiqiang Zheng,Communication-less Cooperation between Soccer Robots. In 2016 RoboCup Symposium, Leipzig, Germany. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Lixing Jiang, Andreas Zell. Long Range Traversable Region Detection Based on Superpixels Clustering for Mobile Robots. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2015), Hamburg, Germany, September 28~October 02, 2015, pp. 546-552. [PDF]
Shuai Cheng, Junhao Xiao, Huimin Lu. Real-time obstacle avoidance using subtargets and Cubic B-spline for mobile robots. Proceedings of 2014 IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation, China, 2014, pp. 634-639.[PDF]
Xun Li, Huimin Lu, Dan Xiong, Hui Zhang and Zhiqiang Zheng. A Survey on Visual Perception for RoboCup MSL Soccer Robots. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, Vol.10, 110:2013, pp.1-10, 2013. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Xun Li, Hui Zhang, and Zhiqiang Zheng. Robust Place Recognition Based on Omnidirectional Vision and Real-time Local Visual Features for Mobile Robots. Advanced Robotics, Vol.27, No.18, pp.1439-1453, 2013. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Xun Li, Hui Zhang, Mei Hu and Zhiqiang Zheng. Robust and Real-time Self-Localization Based on Omnidirectional Vision for Soccer Robots. Advanced Robotics, Vol.27, No.10, pp.799-811, 2013. [PDF]
Zhiwen Zeng, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. High-speed Trajectory Tracking Based on Model Predictive Control for Omni-directional Mobile Robots. Proceedings of the 2013 25th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), Guiyang, China, May 25-27, 2013, pp. 3179-3184. [PDF]
Hui Zhang, Huimin Lu, Peng Dong, Dan Xiong, and Zhiqiang Zheng. A Novel Generic Ball Recognition Algorithm Based on Omnidirectional Vision for Soccer Robots. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, Vol. 10, 388:2013, pp. 1-12, 2013. [PDF]
YU Qinghua, HUANG Kaihong, Huimin Lu, GUO Hongwu. Object Motion Estimation and Interception Based on Stereo Vision for Soccer Robots in 3D Space. Proceedings of the 32nd Chinese Control Conference, Xi'an, China, July 26-28, 2013, pp. 5943-5948. [PDF]
Dan Xiong, Huimin Lu, Zhiwen Zeng, Zhiqiang Zheng. Topological Localization Based on Key-frames Selection and Vocabulary Tree for Mobile Robots. Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO), Shenzhen, China, December 2013, pp. 2505-2510.
Dan Xiong, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. A self-localization method based on omnidirectional vision and MTi for soccer robots. Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, Beijing, China, 2012, pp. 3731-3736. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Shaowu Yang, Hui Zhang, Zhiqiang Zheng. A Robust Omnidirectional Vision Sensor for Soccer Robots. Mechatronics, Elsevier, Vol.21, No.2, pp. 373-389, 2011. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang, Zhiqiang Zheng. A Novel Real-Time Local Visual Feature for Omnidirectional Vision Based on FAST and LBP. RoboCup 2010: Robot Soccer World Cup XIV, LNAI 6556, Springer, pp. 291-302, 2011. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. Two Novel Real-Time Local Visual Features for Omnidirectional Vision. Pattern Recognition, Elsevier, Vol.43, No.12, pp. 3938-3949, 2010. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang, Shaowu Yang, Zhiqiang Zheng. Camera Parameters Auto-Adjusting Technique for Robust Robot Vision. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2010), Anchorage, Alaska, USA, May 5~8, 2010, pp. 1518-1523. [PDF]
Xiangke Wang, Hui Zhang, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. A New Triple-based Multi-robot System Architecture and Application in Soccer Robots. ICIRA 2010, Part II, LNAI 6425, Springer, pp. 105-115, 2010. [PDF]
卢惠民, 张辉, 杨绍武, 郑志强. 一种鲁棒的基于全向视觉的足球机器人自定位方法. 机器人, Vol.32, No.4, pp. 553-559+567, 2010. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang, Shaowu Yang, Zhiqiang Zheng. A Novel Camera Parameters Auto-Adjusting Method Based on Image Entropy. RoboCup 2009: Robot Soccer World Cup XIII, LNAI 5949, Springer, pp. 192-203, 2010. [PDF]
Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang, Shaowu Yang, Zhiqiang Zheng. Vision-based Ball Recognition for Soccer Robots without Color Classification. Proceedings of 2009 IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation, Zhuhai/Macau,China, 2009, pp. 916-921. [PDF]
卢惠民, 张辉, 郑志强. 基于视觉的移动机器人自定位问题. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), Vol.40, Suppl.1, pp. 127-134, 2009.
Huimin Lu, Hui Zhang, Junhao Xiao, Fei Liu, Zhiqiang Zheng. Arbitrary Ball Recognition Based on Omni-directional Vision for Soccer Robots. RoboCup 2008: Robot Soccer World Cup XII, LNAI 5399, Springer, pp. 133-144, 2009.[PDF]
Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng, Fei Liu, Xiangke Wang. A Robust Object Recognition Method for Soccer Robots.Proceedings of 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation,Chongqing,China, 2008, pp. 1645-1650. [PDF]
刘斐, 卢惠民, 郑志强. 基于线性分类器的混合空间查找表颜色分类方法. 中国图象图形学报, Vol.13, No.1, pp. 104-108, 2008.
柳林, 刘斐, 季秀才, 卢惠民, 海丹, 郑志强. 全向移动机器人编队分布式控制研究. 机器人, Vol. 29, No.1, pp. 23-28, 2007.
Fei Liu, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. A Robust Approach of Field Features Extraction for Robot Soccer. Proceedings of 4th IEEE LARS 07/COMRob 07, ROBOTIC FORUM Monterrey 2007, November 05-09, 2007.
卢惠民, 刘斐, 郑志强. 一种新的用于足球机器人的全向视觉系统. 中国图象图形学报, Vol.12, No.7, pp. 1243-1248, 2007.
Fei Liu, Huimin Lu, Zhiqiang Zheng. A Modified Color Look-Up Table Segmentation Method for Robot Soccer. Proceedings of 4th IEEE LARS 07/COMRob 07, ROBOTIC FORUM Monterrey 2007, November 05-09, 2007.
卢惠民, 王祥科, 刘斐, 季秀才, 郑志强. 基于全向视觉和前向视觉的足球机器人目标识别. 中国图象图形学报, Vol.11, No.11, pp. 1686-1689, 2006.
Xiucai Ji, Lin Liu and Zhiqiang Zheng. A modular hierarchical architecture for autonomous robots based on task-driven behaviors. International Conference on Sensing, Computing and Automation, Chongqing, China, May 8-11, 2006: 631~636.
柳林, 季秀才, 郑志强. 基于市场法及能力分类的多机器人任务分配研究. 机器人, 2006, 28(3): 337~343.
LIU Lin and ZHENG Zhiqiang. Combinatorial bids based multi-robot task allocation method. Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation(ICRA2005), 2005: 1157~1162.
LIU Lin and ZHENG Zhiqiang. A novel multi-robot coordination method using capability category. Proceedings of the 16th IFAC World Congress, 2005.
LIU Lin, WANG Lei, ZHENG Zhiqiang, SUN Zengqi. A learning market based layered multi-robot architecture. Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation(ICRA2004), 2004: 3417~3422.
柳林, 郑志强. 多机器人任务分配及其在机器人足球中的应用. 控制理论与应用, 2004, 21(Suppl.): 46~50.